C++ Variables: Understanding the Different Data Types

In C++, a variable is a named storage location that can hold a value of a specific data type. There are several basic data types in C++, including:

1. int: This data type is used to store integers (whole numbers) such as -1, 0, and 1.

int x = 5;

2. float: This data type is used to store decimal numbers with single precision.

float y = 3.14;

3. double: This data type is used to store decimal numbers with double precision.

double z = 3.14159265358979323846;

4. char: This data type is used to store individual characters, such as ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, etc.

char letter = 'A';

5. bool: This data type is used to store true or false values.

bool isTrue = true;

6. string: This data type is used to store strings of characters.

string name = "John";

7. Array: This data type is used to store a collection of elements of the same data type.

int myArray[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

8. Pointers: This data type is used to store memory addresses, and allows you to manipulate memory directly.

int x = 5;
int *p = &x;

9. Enumeration: This data type is used to define a set of named integer constants.

enum Color { RED, GREEN, BLUE };

10. Structs: This data type is used to group together multiple variables of different data types into one unit.

struct Person {
   string name;
   int age;
   char gender;
};